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Kuban Cossacks

The Cossacks lived in the Kuban area long time before the Kuban Host was formed. They settled mostly at the right bank of the Kuban river. At times significant groups of the Cossacks from other areas founded their settlements in Kuban. Usually those were groups that had their problems with the Moscow tsars and tried to get further away. There were a few  migrations of Cossacks from Don and Volga. Some Cossack Old Believers found new home in Kuban. When the revolt of Cossack ataman Stepan Razin was defeated by the tsar's troops, many Cossacks that managed to get away came and settled in Kuban. Later Nekrasov Cossacks moved with their families (altogether about 8 thousand) to Kuban after Bulavin's rebellion was suppressed by the Peter I troops and Don was taken by the Russians. Later, part of the Zaporozhian Cossacks came to Kuban after the Poltava battle (1709).

After the Zaporozhian Sich' was disbanded, most of its Cossacks re-settled to the Kuban area, under name of Black Sea Cossacks (1792). In 1794, a few stanitsas were founded in Kuban by the Don Cossacks. Re-settlement of the Cossacks from Dnieper, Don and other areas continued in the XIX century. The Cossacks from Don were mostly associated with the Line Host (the host that was responsible for guarding the Caucasus defensive line). The Black Sea Host Cossacks lived west of the Line. In 1860, Black Sea and Line Hosts were merged into Kuban Cossack Host.

During the Civil War, most of the Kuban Cossacks fought against the Red Army, although there were significant differences with the leaders of the White Army (mostly regarding the future status of the Cossacks). When the Red Army won in the Civil War, Kuban Cossacks, along with other Cossack hosts, experienced severe repressions.

Take a look at the Cossack uniforms:

Kuban Cossack, 1884. (50KB)

 

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